German Holidays Customs and Celebrations

The German holiday calendar has several in common with other parts of Europe and the United States, including Christmas and New Years. But there are several notable holidays that are uniquely German throughout the year.   Here is a month-by-month look at some of the major holidays celebrated in Germany.   Januar (January)  Neujahr (New Years Day)   Germans mark the New Year with celebrations and fireworks and feasts. Feuerzangenbowle is a popular traditional German New Years drink. Its  main ingredients are red wine, rum, oranges, lemons, cinnamon, and cloves. Germans traditionally send New Years cards  to tell family and friends about events in their lives during the past year. Februar (February)  Marià ¤ Lichtmess  (Groundhog Day) The American tradition of Groundhog Day has its roots in the German religious holiday  Marià ¤ Lichtmess, also known as  Candlemas. Beginning in  the 1840s, German immigrants to Pennsylvania had observed  the tradition of a hedgehog predicting the end of winter. They adapted the groundhog as replacement meteorologist since there were no hedgehogs in the part of Pennsylvania where they settled. Fastnacht/Karneval (Carnival/Mardi Gras) The date varies, but the German version of Mardi Gras, the last opportunity to celebrate before the Lenten season, goes by many names: Fastnacht, Fasching, Fasnacht, Fasnet, or  Karneval.   A highlight of the main highlight, the Rosenmontag, is the so-called Weiberfastnacht or  Fat Thursday, celebrated on the Thursday before Karneval.   The Rosenmontag is the main celebration day of Karneval, which features parades, and ceremonies to drive out any evil spirits.   April:  Ostern  (Easter) The Germanic celebration of Ostern features the same fertility and spring-related icons—eggs, rabbits, flowers—and many of the same Easter customs as other Western versions. The three major German-speaking countries (Austria, Germany, and Switzerland) are predominantly Christian. The art of decorating hollowed-out eggs is an Austrian and German tradition. A little bit to the east, in Poland, Easter is a way more relevant holiday than in Germany May: May Day The first day in May is a national holiday in Germany, Austria, and most of Europe. International Workers Day is observed in many countries on May 1. Other German customs in May celebrate the arrival of spring. Walpurgis Night (Walpurgisnacht), the night before May Day, is similar to Halloween in that it has to do with supernatural spirits, and has pagan roots. Its marked with bonfires to drive away the last of winter and welcome the planting season.   Juni (June):  Vatertag (Fathers Day)   Fathers Day in Germany began in the Middle Ages as a religious procession honoring God the father, on Ascension Day, which is after Easter. In modern-day Germany,  Vatertag is closer to a boys day out, with a pub tour than the more family-friendly American version of the holiday.   Oktober (October): Oktoberfest Even though it starts in September, the most German of holidays is called Oktoberfest. This holiday started in 1810 with the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig and Princess Therese von  Sachsen-Hildburghausen. They held a big party near Munich, and it was so popular that it became an annual event, with beer, food, and entertainment.   Erntedankfest In German-speaking countries, Erntedankfest, or Thanksgiving, is celebrated on the first Sunday in October, which is usually also the first Sunday following Michaelistag or Michaelmas. Its primarily a religious holiday, but with dancing, food, music, and parades. The American Thanksgiving tradition of eating turkey has usurped the traditional meal of goose in recent years.   November: Martinmas (Martinstag) The Feast of Saint Martin, the Germanic Martinstag celebration, is sort of like a combination of  Halloween and Thanksgiving. The legend of Saint Martin tells the story of the dividing of the cloak, when Martin, then a soldier in the Roman army, tore his cloak in two to share it with a freezing beggar at Amiens. In the past, Martinstag was celebrated as the end of the harvest season, and in modern times has become  the unofficial start of the Christmas shopping season in German-speaking countries in Europe. December (Dezsember):  Weihnachten (Christmas) Germany provided the roots of many of the American celebrations of Christmas, including Kris Kringle, which is a corruption of the German phrase for the Christ child: Christkindl. Eventually, the name became synonymous with Santa Claus.   The Christmas tree is another German tradition that has become part of many Western celebrations, as is the idea of celebrating St. Nicholas (whos also become synonymous with Santa Claus and Father Christmas).

The Pros And Cons Of Vaccination - 1037 Words

Introduction: If you had the choice, would you prefer a child with autism or a deceased child because you refused to vaccinate? Chances are, you would prefer to have a child with autism. There are parents who have read articles falsely linking vaccines to autism causing them to make the decision to deny vaccinations. Their refusal not only puts their child at risk, but other children surrounding them. Their denial erases the long-standing history of saving lives and the eradication of deadly diseases around the world. This also undermines the research and testing scientists have done in order to protect people. It is vital to the health of human life that we keep researching and finding new information about vaccines. Description of†¦show more content†¦Diseases such as polio, diphtheria, mumps, and measles have decreased almost to the point of extinction in first world countries over the past few generations. Smallpox has had no reported cases over the last three decades from around the world. This is all due to the mass vaccinations that happened globally resulting in children today no longer needing to receive a vaccine for it. Before that it is estimated that 500 million people were killed because of smallpox. Another major benefit of vaccinating is Herd Immunity, also called Community Immunity. This protects infants who may not yet be old enough to receive certain vaccines, pregnant woman, and an individual with an immunocompromised system. An example where an individual may have an immunocompromised system would be like a child with leukemia. This means if everyone surrounding the individual that is unable to be vaccinated, they are have greater protection from possible getting c ontagious diseases and helps prevent them from being spread. Ethical or Social Concerns: One of the social concerns was mentioned earlier with Andrew Wakefield and his MMR and autism correlation, but there are several other social and ethical concerns. One of the other concerns raised is the schedule of when a child receives their vaccinations. An infant receives nearly 30 vaccines, including their boosters, by the time they turn 18 months old. Some people believe that that is too much forShow MoreRelatedVaccination Pros And Cons878 Words   |  4 Pagesmakes vaccination controversial; is it the risk of the drug’s side effect? The ingredients used to create the drug? Do the Pros outweigh the Cons? How effective are vaccines? The debate about giving the vaccine to children are the group that is anti-vaccination â€Å"say that children’s immune systems can deal with most infections naturally and that injecting questionable vaccine ingredients into a child may cause side effects, including seizures, paralysis, and death.† T he group for vaccination arguesRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccinations1285 Words   |  6 Pages Vaccinations are a heavily debated topic in society today. Vaccinations have long been defined as a successful health measure, but the safety of vaccines raise concerns among many parents. According to Glanz et al., â€Å"The issue of vaccine hesitancy can be examined from several different angles, many of which point to the delicate balance between personal liberty and public health† (2). Personal rights and public health concerns, collide on this subject. Many parents want to decide if their childrenRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination750 Words   |  3 PagesBenefits and Dangers of Vaccinations There are many types of vaccinations used for many types of illnesses. They can vary from some small illness to a deadly illness that is very contagious. Some vaccinations are used for DPT (Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus), Diptheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis and MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella). There are many pros of vaccinations. One of them is most healthcare professionals believe ion their effectiveness. It is believed that vaccinations are the cause of aRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1665 Words   |  7 PagesVaccinations, Worth A Shot! Mandated Vaccinations are a huge argument right now because of health and disease issues. There are people on both sides of this argument. Some people are against vaccinating their children because they feel they are being forced to have their child get vaccinated. While some people feel the need that vaccinations are important to protect themselves from any illness or diseases. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all schools and health care purposes. For one, peopleRead MorePros and Cons to Vaccination in Children1750 Words   |  7 PagesSeptember 1st 2014 Pros and Cons to Vaccinations in Children Almost everyone has heard of the benefits and dangers of childhood vaccines. Parents are especially eager to do what is best for their child to protect him or her. Some people have different opinions on what the best specifically entails when it comes to childhood vaccines. Vaccinations are a controversial discussion as parents question whether it should be mandatory or optional when they feel the cons outweigh the pros. The government saysRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccination1011 Words   |  5 PagesVaccinations have gone through opposition and critics, but for the most part legislation has been slow, but treated vaccination fairly. To this day vaccination still faces many of the challenges that it faced in the early nineteenth century. The reasons have gone from personal freedom issues and just the overall effectiveness of mass immunization. The courts in the nineteenth century typically supported the enactment of mandatory vaccination programs. Most importantly for the futur e of mandatoryRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1241 Words   |  5 Pagescausing adverse effects and conditions. A world without vaccines would be full of illness and diseases. Thanks to vaccines a lot of diseases are almost gone from the U.S. today. According to CDC, in 1979, Japan decided to reduce their pertussis vaccinations and as a result they suffered a major epidemic resulting in 13,000 cases of whooping cough and 41 deaths. In 1981 they began vaccinating again and the number of pertussis cases dropped. This research reveals the importance of vaccines and how theyRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Vaccinations1465 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneral public healthy. Vaccinations have always been a topic of contention in regards to younger children, but have been a staple of health for older adults. In fact, college requirements for vaccinations are mandatory, and failure to get the proper vaccines before college starts could result in holds on college students’ accounts or d elays in registering for classes. For some students the vaccines are simple to procure, but for others the concept of required vaccinations serve as a real barrierRead MoreDiscussing the Pros and Cons of Vaccinations673 Words   |  3 PagesDiscussing the Pros And Cons Of Vacciniations Thesis: Vaccinations have many benefits including the prevention of certain diseases but they also can cause issues and be very riskful in using them to treat or prevent a disease. Some of these issues include the ethic dilemma behind the subject. Introduction: Vaccines are among the most affordable and successful public health tools for preventing disease, disability, and sometimes death. Not only do they protect a vaccinated individual from developingRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1843 Words   |  8 PagesVaccinations first surfaced during the turn of the 19th century. It is currently a law that all school aged children receive a specific list of vaccinations in order to attend a school system of any kind. While the requirements in America are general consistent from state to state, they do vary slightly across one another. Although it is required, there is a list of exemptions that would allow parents to send their children to school without receiving the required immunizations. An example of the

Speech Before The Reichstag, By Lyndon B. Johnson

Whether it is persuading a nation to commit racial genocide, or persuading them to end racial prejudices, powerful speeches use specific rhetorical devices and appealing diction to achieve their desired effect. In Adolf Hitler’s â€Å"Speech before the Reichstag,† January 30, 1937, (two years before the beginning of WWII) Adolf Hitler called for a â€Å"radical extermination† of the â€Å"cause of this critical situation† referring to what he considered racial impurity. His spell of Stoicism cast upon the ethically diverse culture lead to them being brought in camps by the trainload and killed off quickly, leaving behind the dark shadow of the bloodiest event in human history. Twenty-eight years later, in the cool month of march, Lyndon B. Johnson gave his â€Å"We shall Overcome† speech. This speech was in response to the events that had occurred in Selma, Alabama earlier that week. The nation watched armed police-forces prevent peaceful protests and the African American children from entering white schools, despite the Civil Rights Act signed after the â€Å"Brown v.s. Board of Education† by President Johnson one year prior. He urged the public to end their pre-dispositioned prejudices for African American people. Both speeches guided a nation, one towards justice and the other towards injustice. However, how they achieve this effect has many similarities. Addressing their audience’s, L.B.J. spoke,â€Å"I speak tonight for the dignity of men and destiny of democracy...†Ã¢â‚¬ ...every member of bothShow MoreRelatedBerlin Wall6826 Words   |  28 Pages1962). He vowed publicly that his ultimatum in 1961 would not be withdrawn at it was in 1958. President Kennedy called upon the people of the United States to prepare for war on July 25, 1961. He stated â€Å"We do not want to fight, but we have fought before, it would be a mistake for others to look upon Berlin, because of its location as a tempting target† (Heller, 1962). August 1, 1961, over a thousand people were registered in twenty-four hours at the Marienfelde Refugee Reception Center (HellerRead MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 Pagesin the world 4 S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Understanding History through Historical Phases Understanding History through Historical Phases History of Social Work – UK USA Social Work during primitive stage (before 1200 AD) Social Work during 1200 -1500 A.D Social Work during 1500 – 1600 A.D. Social Work during 1500 – 1600 A.D. Social Work during 1600 -1800 A.D. Social Work during 1800 -1900 A.D. Social Work during 1900 onwards Tofler‟s Agricultural Society:

The Tell Tale Heart And The Birth Mark Only A Couple Of...

Contemporaries Edgar Alan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne published their respective short stories The Tell-Tale Heart and The Birth-Mark only a couple of months apart. The Tell-Tale Heart is the personal account of a young man’s descent into madness as he becomes increasingly fixated on the eye of an older man, presumably his father. Similarly, The Birth-Mark narrates the story of a young couple, Aylmer and Georgiana, and how the latter’s birthmark becomes the obsession of the former. Poe and Hawthorne’s literary genre of Dark Romanticism opposes human perfectibility, and both writers employ symbolism, irony, similar characters and plot to convey the theme that obsessions will inevitably lead to destruction. The authors of American Romanticism held a particular disdain for science, which they made visible through the aggressor characters in their short stories. Both aggressors wanted to do away with any imperfections in their environments, as they felt personally threatened by them. The younger man in The Tell-Tale Heart behaves in cold, calculated movements and dismembers the body of the old man like a butcher. In The Birth-Mark Aylmer, â€Å"a man of science,† uses science in order to create a concoction that will remove his wife’s birthmark. Of the potion Aylmer declares, â€Å"Unless all science have deceived me, it cannot fail,† (Hawthorne 428). The aggressors are severely flawed characters, who act on deranged impulses, but attempt to justify their actions rationally andShow MoreRelatedA Temporary Matter. Essay9411 Words   |  38 Pagesa row in order to fix a power line. Shoba tells her husband this news. He looks at her, noticing that her makeup has run from her time at the gym. He reminisces about how she would look in the morning after a party in happier times. Shoba insists that the electric company should work on the lines during the day. Shukumar takes slight offense at this idea; since January, he has worked at home on his dissertation. 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Review on Software Development for Evolution- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theReview on Software Development for Evolution and Process. Answer: Introduction: The purpose of the article: The article typically discuses about the Agile development process that focuses on the communication, development, working of the software and makes the working with the software easy for the user. It introduces the user-centred system design that focuses on the easy of usage of the software and the experience of the user throughout the whole process. The article proposes an idea of merging the Agile process with UCSD that will make the work of the user easy and time saving. The article interprets the findings on the activities of UCSD in Agile project and how the Agile process is gaining benefits from merging of them(Abrahamsson et al. 2017). The article typically hi-lights the factors that are determining the role of the Agile process and UCSD and how they help the user. They both have different focusing point and if they are merged together it will be highly beneficial to the end-user. Is the problem important? Yes, the problem is important. The problem states that when the IT professionals are working in Scum they are highly influenced by the constraints that the scum development process contains. The Agile process claims that the projects gives an environment and support to complete the job. However, it is not concerned about the users when they are focusing on individuals. Thus, it is often doubtful that who is to be held responsible for the interaction between the user and the team. Another major problem related to this is with the UX professionals who rarely understands the team environment. The research done by the author clearly shows that the motivated workers who tries to integrate UCSD work in Scum do not have the situation to do the work that is required to do. In Scum the team bonding and environment is strong and the workers feel left out from the team in this culture. However, they maintain a principal to trust the team but often there is conflict among the team members and th e UX professionals. The problem clearly states that the IT professionals are interested in usable activities but do not have a common understanding and this makes it harder for them to fight for the usability. Argument to be made to support the authors position- The author discusses about the issues faced in the integration of UCSD and the formation of Agile lies within various approaches. The Agile process focus on the communication and speed in the team. Whereas the UCSD focuses on the communication with user and making the system usable. It has it own contribution for increasing the likelihood of delivering functioning system on time with appropriate budget. The Agile user does not think about the actual end-user(Bukhari). They mainly focus on providing importance to the customer instead of providing quality to the end-user. Generally it is concluded that UCSD has a lot to gain when integrated with Agile system. When the activities in the Agile process it can be seen that it is not easy. According to Jan Gulliksen it was concluded that UX professionals need to play an explicit role while working in the project, else they will feel left out. They should maintain the authority in the work place. Evidence used to support the position: The process includes a research survey conducted by them to know about the user view. The research includes interview with usability and user experience. The interview had a single purpose to understand how the users are using and applying UCSD in their projects and the problems faced by them. The interview included result from various sources and conclusion was simple. The answer came from 37 IT professionals and information was collected from 158 professionals using Agile processes. The interpretation was gathered from 5 studies. The overall conclusion states the problem and chances of Agile and UCSD. It concludes that IT professionals in Scum are highly influenced by the constraints that the scum process includes. In a research paper by Marta Larusdotter it was analysed how to understand the constraints the scum process provides. The suggested few measures to define the responsibility to the team members and PO, they should regularly communicate directly with the actual user. The team member should use multiple channel for feedback and review. Convincing power of the argument: The argument had started with the basic different with the UCSD and Agile process that were supposed to be merged for a better scope for the end-user. However, the author has highlighted the issues regarding this and how it affects the users in various IT sections. The IT users were interviewed and based on their data it was concluded that there are many gaps and uneasy situation for the UX professionals to work on such situation. The article states that the UCSD methodologies are highly target oriented and ambitious to fit the development process. The argument is highly accepted in the society especially among those who are actually using the process. However, initially a conception comes that the merging of these two will give a better outcome. The other researches done by various organizations also states the same problem. The argument has strong convincing power as it has logical reasons along with direct reviews from IT professionals who all are using the system in their daily l ife. Pershin and Di Ventra 2014, June). This creates a disturbance in the whole process and leads to failure in the whole process of merging them. Software development community: The most efficient method transferring information to the and in a team is direct face to face. The study has highlighted that the direct conversation is the most appealing way to communicate in an organization. It has shown that how daily stand up meetings are common and it gives a good over view of the works performed by the team. The agile method has established the system of solving problem to save time for the origival development process. The Agile focuses the requirement for the software to be working that will enhance the process of continuous development, manage development, and facilitate the development. Another theory states that the software is the main measure for progress. The reasons are rarely shown in Scrum project and the level of usability is often informally evaluated with a limited users. Many agile methods are least concerned about the actual end user. They target only on delivering values to the customers instead of delivering the quality to the end user. The software development community will have a clear idea about the effect of the two distinct process that could have been merged to make a better result. The community will build a better idea about the whole process and its side-affect in the system. The user will have a clear idea about the fact that the agile software development does not support UCSD activities through the process itself nether does it prevents it. It suggests the user that if they want to work with UCSD in an Agile fashion then it will be a good starting point for the change. It is clearly stated that the potential for them to work is more general for all methodology. It suggests that when it is necessary to give priority while working with UCSD in Agile development give the person an authority to stop the production line, give them responsibility to evaluate usability. The paper gives me a clear idea about the working with the different systems that will not be a wise decision. The study has cleared my idea about the development process like Scum that is focusing on communication and development and the UCSD design that focuses on the usability of the user. Just like others even I had an initial idea of merging these two to get a better result for the end-user while working with this process. The study actually cleared my view on this topic and made me realize the issues that are related to the merging of these two processes. Although these two processes are assumed to meet similar issues and by applying them the system would become usable tasks. The paper has hi-lighted the related issues faced by the users and how difficult it becomes to conduct the whole system if these processes are merged. It has specifically shown the common problems that are faced by the users(Kruchten 2013). The study has conveyed a survey and that has shown the interview o f various IT professionals and the users who are using this process and has faced few issues. In work place it is better to avoid the use of Agile method that is not benefiting the users. The Agile method generally does not consider the users issues. The process of changing the requirement is a part of iterative development however, it does not mean that Agile professional should avoid the main work of understanding the context of usage and exploring through various designs. It sometimes neglects the early affects and starts believing that this could be made from the made up for future. This shows that there is a high risk that clearly states that the product owner is considered as a substitute(Larusdottir, Gulliksen and Cajander 2017). Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that paper is hi-lighting the Agile software development project does not support the UCSD directly through the process itself. It can be good starting point. The Agile practitioners uses scrum generally selects one issue to improve the process at the meetings. The study is completely based on the surveys and studies done by the authors and has no accurate conclusion for it. However, it can be concluded with this note mentioned above. There are potential for the for the users to work more generally for the methodologies. The study clearly removes the misconception about merging the two programs and making a better output. It has clearly stated the risks related to this system and has to be kept in mind by the users. The use of this combined system will not be of much help and this has been proved by the surveys done by the author that clearly states that the idea will be a failure. The survey was done in IT professionals and the users thus the answers are al so absolutely trust worthy. There might be few changes in minor cases but the overall thought point will remain the same. References: Abrahamsson, P., Salo, O., Ronkainen, J. and Warsta, J., 2017. Agile software development methods: Review and analysis.arXiv preprint arXiv:1709.08439. Bukhari, S.N.H., Agile software development. Kruchten, P., 2013. Contextualizing agile software development.Journal of Software: Evolution and Process,25(4), pp.351-361. Larusdottir, M., Gulliksen, J. and Cajander, ., 2017. A license to killImproving UCSD in Agile development.Journal of Systems and Software,123, pp.214-222. Pershin, Y.V. and Di Ventra, M., 2014, June. Memcomputing: A computing paradigm to store and process information on the same physical platform. InComputational Electronics (IWCE), 2014 International Workshop on(pp. 1-2). IEEE.

Insight Into Liberal Arts Education in Business Schools Essay Example For Students

Insight Into Liberal Arts Education in Business Schools Essay Liberal arts is best defined as an the collegiate education comprising of knowledge in the fields of arts, natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities (Hall, 1968). Numerous scholars and researchers have reviewed the effects this education has on the outcome of business students majoring in all fields of study trot accounting, economics, marketing, to management and have Dunn a surprisingly common rationale: liberal arts has a positive inapt on the education of business students in all fields. The debate lies, however, in the implementation of the liberal art education as it relates to the fields of business. There have been studies that suggest that the best form of implementation is to integrate liberal arts education directly into the course material while other scholars and researchers have argued that a more separated approach should be taken in order to achieve the most beneficial result. Despite the amount of research conducted, however, there is seemingly no end to the flow of research conducted. This literature review will examine the historical background with regards to the topic to hopefully shed light into the debate. As the historical view Of the debate wows, a great deal of change has occurred in the last 75 years as to the focus of education in business schools across the nation. Whether it be the inflow Of Gigs from World War II or the literary influences of New York Times Bestselling books, education and the implementation and removal of the liberal arts structure has undergone significant changes. This literary review will also look into the debate of whether to bridge practical and liberal arts courses or to replace the courses all together with courses designed to teach both ideas mutually. Another debate will be discussed guarding the amount to which theories, whether managerial, behavioral, or organizational theories should be or need to be discussed in light of the liberal arts integration. We Will examine the current trends Of liberal arts integration into the field of business taught in higher education as well as point out predictions as to how the future looks for the research Of liberal arts integration. Finally, we will conclude by summarizing the findings of this literature review and point out areas for further research as well as shed light on the solutions for conducting research in the future. A Historical View A historical view of the debate between a liberal arts view and a practicality based education points out an uprising in the argument during the asses as Gigs were found to be flooding college classrooms in an attempt to fulfill their GIG Bill (Performable, 1993). Gigs were not interested in a theoretical based view of business education, as they were more interested in landing entry-level jobs were practicality was the focus, This push of colleges to adopt the practicality based education model led the Ford Foundation to conduct a study looking into the effectiveness of this change (Clansman, Saddle, Heckler, 1998). In the asses, the Ford Foundation, after much research and deliberation, concluded that a return to a greater liberal arts focus was needed (1998). Although the research concluded that the education programs in the field of business needed a greater focus on the liberal arts, professors, institutions, and students alike tended to be comfortable with the practical education that had slowly been adopted. While there was a strong correlation bet,even the benefited success of students and a strong liberal arts education, colleges were being flooded With students and professors were settling into the comfort Of an easier curriculum (Jones, 1986). The thoughts and writings of scholars and theorists on the future, such as Midriffs writing (1987) discussing the corporate environment and rethinking the focus and direction of the environment of the times or Insanitys book (1982) discussing individualisms effects on the future of global development, changed the perspective of educators worldwide. After these writings, the educational field began to see a need to review the effectiveness of their liberal arts programs. This was coupled with an increasing concern into the communication ND critical thinking skills of business graduates (Porter Mimicking, 1988). This resurgence, since the release tot the Ford Foundation in the sasss study, in into the topic of liberal arts was on the rise, In 1989, Stark and Loather released a study on the liberal arts in the field of business and showed that there was a high level of graduates who were not able to comprehend information on a critical level, make ethical decisions when facing an issue, or relate to others both on a cultural and emotional level. Pacing grooving concern over the outcome of business students in higher education, universities began to once again view the Iberia arts as a benefit in their programs. As the realization of the benefits of a liberal arts focused education grew, consequently so did the debate as to how the merging the two philosophies. The Great Debate Liberal arts education, with relation to the business field, has brought about much attention in the last thirty years. The scope Of the liberal arts field With relation to the business environment, while discussed in length for over a century, has just recently established itself as a larger debate than otherwise thought. The theory behind the liberal arts philosophy is the betterment of ones self wrought the ability to critically think and reason with logic so that there can be a greater connection into social participation (Cohen, 2009). The purpose of using this theory and applying it to the field of business education is to provide students with the ability to use the business knowledge they possess and conform it to the situations that they may face in the present (King and Baxter- Magnolia, 1991). Pinker (2009) states that the growth tot liberal arts mentality in a person helps to develop the intellectual scaffolding that holds them to deal with the challenges presented to them in everyday situations. The ultimate goal in joining the personal development concept with the role that person plays in a business role is that the business leader will be better equipped to participate in the cultural and intellectual arenas found the the practice of business (Bogart, 2010). The form that Wishful (2007) presents this idea is that the study of liberal arts is a mere process, and through that process an individual reaches past their present mental state and expands their understanding of society. While this thought and rationale is hard to question, and in fact is the goal for attainment wrought many educational models, the real debate lies in the methods that the liberal arts mindset is reached. Cohen (2009) states that the gap that lies between the self-betterment Of a student and the professional growth is where the true debate lies. Strasbourg (2010) states that the problem with this rationale is the focus on self-improvement during a period in time where the main struggle of a person lies in positioning themselves in the economic times we face. Whether professional or self. Betterment skills should be taught in a vocation such as business is where the crux of the argument lies. In Stevens article entitled Management as a Liberal Art (1991), the author discusses the growing trend of businesses taking a greater interest in liberal arts students. Wall Street during the sasss is used as an point in the argument to make the point that liberal arts students are being hired due to their ability to reason, rationalize, and critically think to a higher level than students who were trained under the roof of practical education, Stevens, however, goes on to state that institutions are focused on the wrong goal; rather than focusing on whether an institution of higher learning should adopt a liberal arts program or a rationality based education, the focus should be on how to integrate these two philosophies into one cohesive unit of learning The theory of liberal arts does not just promise to provide self-betterment, but to also provide the skills necessary to analytically think and reason. In Pinkness article (2009), he states that the liberal arts enable students to rationally questions the validity of what they are hearing and determine the truth behinds remarks. The ability to analyze and critically think remains to be the greates t support for the liberal arts argument. Kelly, Dave, and High (1999) state in heir research that the ability of one to alter their position on a certain view or belief lies in that persons ability to critically reason and analyze the alternative in comparison of previously held belief. Where the argument hits a intellectual speed bump is in the ability for students and professors to grasp the importance of the liberal arts education in light of the age in which we exist. Strasbourg (2010) states that the assumption that the liberal arts education enables students to suddenly analyze and critically think is given to much credit. In Willows study (2004) of generational groups and heir abilities to learn and process information, Wilson finds that this generation is strongly tied with the status quo and that breaking someone from the norm takes a greater force than in previous generations. I Am the Best Student Athlete EssaySuggestions into a integrative business curriculum came in the beginning Of the asses with Blooms proposed model for the undergraduate business curriculum (1992). Bloom proposed business curriculum suggests that students be exposed to individualism, political involvement and theory, economic theory and how it relates to sociology, the influence of technology in the business sector, and international involvement of business (1992). At the end of the students educational venture through a higher education institution, Bloom suggests that there be a thesis in which the senior takes all the culmination of knowledge and applies this to a specific topic. While this model seems to completely integrate the liberal arts background with the business application, much criticism come as to the lack tot history courses and the failure to include other basic management courses. The current trend of liberal arts in business programs Research conducted in the last 10 years in the area of liberal arts education has been on the rise. A primary focus of research has been conducted not only on the teaching of liberal arts theories in the business courses, but also the effect that the educators experience has on the learning of the students. While past research has made the somewhat obvious connection between the teaching styles of educators and the information gained from students, recent studies have taken this research to the next level by looking into the qualification Of educators. A study done by Catcall, Bradbury, Famish, and Simpler in 2004 found that there was a significant decline in the number Of liberal arts minded referrers teaching business courses. Their study found that only of the faculty in higher institutions were from an academic background (2004). Researchers such as Catcall, Bradbury, Famish, and Simpler find that academic professors bring a higher concentration of liberal arts theories and foundations into their coursework whereas professional-based professors bring a higher concentration of experience and hands-on knowledge. With the higher concentration of practical knowledge based professors in the courses today, there is a slight decline tot integration of the liberal arts. Nine (2011) concludes hat this decline in the number of academically experienced professors is due in part to the current weak financial situation that many colleges are taking. Due to the higher cost associated with academically-experienced professors and the balance of less-qualified, experienced based professors, institutions of higher learning are beginning to make the switch (2011), Miles, Hazarding, and Manila reported that in the 2003 edits to the accreditation standards, The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business lowered their standards regarding the required percentage of academically qualified faculty to professionally qualified faculty. Nine (2011) attempts to explain this by stating that organizations and businesses had a higher focus on the number of students coming out of higher learning institutions rather than the quality faculty, the knowledge base of the graduates, or the applicable skills they possessed. Another contingency that current research has looked at to explain the trend of higher learning institutions is the effect Of the economic environment. In such a tough economy as the one we face today, students are looking for more affordable forms Of education including that Of online education. Institutions are offering these programs as a source of savings on both the student and institutional standpoint, leaving a smaller amount to be spent on the funding of faculty to teach these programs (Nine, 2011). Slaughter and Rhodes (2004) point out that there is a strong effect on the capitalistic forces that effect education programs today. Research done by Elian et al. In 2002 discusses the strong effect that online programs have on the moment to incorporate a liberal arts mentality, Through changes made in the standards of the CABS, a completely efferent make up tot skills is being presented by students completing online education. The lack of academic faculty and the emergence of a professional faculty makeup in conjunction with a self-taught philosophy of online course work has created a great deficiency in the application of liberal arts (2011). Conclusion The purpose of business education is to train individuals to deal with the environmental factors that the business environment presents. While there has been a great deal of research done in the last half-century that points to the effectiveness of a liberal arts deduction and a the effectiveness of a practicality eased education being taught in curriculums throughout business schools, there is a lot more research to be done in this field (Curran, 2007). Curran (2007) points out that the effects Of the teachings in business schools are just now being realized due to the current succession of management. With this analysis, it proves that there is a great deal of research left to do with relation to the liberal arts teaching in a school of business. By researching and looking at the trends of business education over the last century, researchers are able to comprehend the effects that curriculum changes an have on the decisions business graduates in the organizations they help run. While the original intent of a business education was to provide professional training to enable students to effectively run businesses, history and research has proven that academic institutions are willing adapt to economic markets and alter their curriculum to meet these market demands. There has been significant research done with regards to the effectiveness of liberal arts education in the field of business as well as the need for a practicality based education and the merging of these two ideas. There hasnt, however, been adequate suggestions on how to properly go about merging the liberal arts and the practicality of the business environment effectively While there has been the suggestions offered up by Boyd (1987), there has not been any research looking at the effectiveness of certain programs and types of integration to further close the debate. Future research should also look into the qualifications and skills sets that employers are looking for when fulfilling jobs. In conjunction to this research, the studies should also look into the skill sets that current students are graduating tit in order to compare and find out what areas of a business education are lacking. Only then can we assess the needs Of organizations and the educational system requirements to fulfill those needs through a proper mix of practical based and liberal arts based education. Another weakness of the research conducted was the lack of research to find outside or other internal influences that could be affecting the education of graduates other than the curriculum. Research addressing the social influence that students face with regards to obtaining a liberal arts mindset would be extremely beneficial, Questions such as: What social or socio-economic influences are students exposed to that affect their ability to process information and learning under a liberal arts mentality? The problems with the research already conducted suggesting a single core curriculum that merges the liberal arts philosophies with the practicality based education is the lack of universities to adopt such curriculums. Research conducted by Stark and Loather in 1989 revealed that while there was agreement as to the necessity for an integrated curriculum, little to no higher learning institutions were actually adopting such trainees, Yet another area of suggested research is to look into the connection between expectations of students with the education received under an integrated liberal arts program, a strict liberal arts program, and a strict practicality based program. These three categories of graduates should be tested shortly after graduation, in the middle of their careers, and toward the end of their careers. Due to the fact that education is primarily composed off series Of expectations, this study would be completely useful as to the insight Of students expectations of their education prior to the coursework in comparison With how they felt their coursework adequately prepared them for eh business environment during different stages in their careers (Bogart, 2010, peg. 413). In summary, while extensive research has been conducted on the topic of liberal arts education in the realm of the business concentration, little change has been made to the implementation of such curriculums. For this reason, research has continued to focus on solutions to this problem without much avail. Longstanding the barriers that a liberal arts supporters face may help to provide a more effective way to actual implementation, While there is strong position to the liberal arts role in business, better research done to look into the proper implementation of liberal arts into business school may help to decrease this tension. With a greater number tot studies showing this trend, the literature landscape on this topic is bound to drastically change over the short course of history. References Belt, M. (1965). Education as a discipline; a study of the role of models in thinking, Boston: Allan and Bacon, Boyd, Charles, (1987).